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木桶是用木材加工成的圓桶狀的容器，廣泛用于以前人類日常生活當(dāng)中。按用途分為許多種類：用來挑水用的是水桶，一般采用輕質(zhì)杉木加工而成。因為杉木不變形，材質(zhì)適中，利于刨刮加工：用于裝油漆的是油桶，但油桶加工工藝要求較高，要求壁薄而輕巧又耐用：用于工地裝沙石混凝土材料的是灰桶，要求不高，還有用于農(nóng)村打米用的米桶：還有古代用于取暖用的坐桶。要求工藝相當(dāng)高，已經(jīng)很少有人加工生產(chǎn)了：以上這些八十年代后慢慢退出了市場。

A wooden barrel is a cylindrical container made from wood and widely used in human daily life in the past. There are many types according to their uses: buckets are used to carry water, usually made of lightweight cedar wood. Because cedar wood does not deform and has a moderate material, it is conducive to scraping and processing: oil drums are used for painting, but the processing technology of oil drums requires high requirements, such as thin walls, lightweight, and durable; ash drums are used for sand, gravel, and concrete materials on construction sites, with low requirements. There are also rice drums used for rural rice harvesting, and ancient seat drums used for heating. The requirements for craftsmanship are quite high, and there are few people processing and producing them anymore: these gradually withdrew from the market after the 1980s.

用來裝酒的稱為酒桶，一般采用橡木桶儲存葡萄酒，可以讓葡萄酒充分汲取橡木所含有的鞣花酸單寧、香蘭素等精華，并可利于葡萄酒有控制、有節(jié)奏的氧化成熟。世界的法蘭西、意大利等國的酒莊葡萄酒均采用橡木桶陳釀而成，也就是我們今天看到的內(nèi)容。

The barrels used to hold wine are called wine barrels. Generally, oak barrels are used to store wine, so that wine can fully absorb the essence of ellagic acid tannins, vanillin, etc. contained in the oak, and it is conducive to the controlled and rhythmic oxidation and maturation of wine. The top winery wines from world-renowned countries such as France and Italy are all aged in oak barrels, which is what we see today.

由于橡木桶的造價較高，加之葡萄酒橡木桶儲存的目的是汲取像木中的有益成分，以提高葡萄酒的質(zhì)量，如果橡木桶的維護不當(dāng)，橡木質(zhì)量變壞，不僅會造成資源的浪費，而且會給儲存于其中的葡萄酒的質(zhì)量造成不可挽回的損失。

Due to the high cost of oak barrels, and the purpose of storing wine in oak barrels is to extract beneficial components from the wood, in order to improve the quality of the wine. If the oak barrels are not properly maintained, the quality of the oak will deteriorate, not only causing waste of resources, but also irreparable damage to the quality of the wine stored inside.

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